World Continent General Considerations For South America Geological History

World Continent General Considerations For South America Geological History. We can group the geological history of South America into three distinct stages of development. Each of them conforms to an important division of geological time. The first phase comprised a pre-Cambrian period (4,600 to 541 million years ago). Characterized by a series of complex pieces that merged and called for a craton protocontinental cortical stable dispersion block.

Its second level coincides with the Paleozoic (541 to $252 million). Which the craton and accumulated materials contributed to form the supercontinent Gondwana (or Gondwana), and then even larger Pangu (Pangu). The third stage, emerge of the current continental formation, occurred in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic (252 million years). Including Pangu and Gondwana, open the South Atlantic and create the disintegrated Andes Cordillera.

The current tectonic framework of South America comprises three basic units: the old craton, the nearest Andes and several basins. Five-cratons (Amazonia, San Francisco, Luis Alves, Upper Paraguay, and La Plata). The Precambrian nucleus of South America and (except for Paraguay), now shown as arranging South Dwarf from the North solid. In the eastern part of the African continent; a series of other Precambrian bark blocks have increased along the southern American edge throughout the geological period.

World Continent General Considerations For South America Geological History

The high range and the Andes, along the entire western edge of the African continent. Rise over the inter-mountain plateau and represent the Pacific Plate. The Cenozoic collisions of South America (66 million years ago) open to the South Atlantic. A large capacity of sediment between the cratons of the Andes and the entire eastern edge of the Andes, decaying.

South America Geological History: Trans-Amazonian Cycle

Transamazonian rocks can subdivide into three distinct groups. Orogenic belts such as the Amazonian Maroni-Itacaiúnas belt or San Francisco’s Salvador-Juazeiro belt. It covers stable rocks such as the Bahia Chapada Diamantina formation or the Carajas and Roraima platforms Sediments. Large groups of dikes (plate-like intrusions of igneous rocks in sedimentary strata). The orogenic belt is the ancient mountains formed along the edge of the continent. Such as the earth’s crust (the lower layer of the earth’s crust) and then rises. Such as the Maroni-Itacaiúnas belt, or the collision between the continental blocks, El Tandil belt in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

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World Continent General Considerations For Geological History

They believe these collisions formed the supercontinent (sometimes referred to as the first market) 1.8 billion years ago. The sedimentary caprock of the supercontinent (preserved in the Amazon Craton). Includes sediments in the collected rhyolite and debris racks, deep and extensive, and erases earlier suture restrictions. There is a wide range of iron and manganese layered deposits in these sequences, such as near Caracas, Brazil. In the early stages of a continental plate diffusion. It produced many basic rock dams, including 60 miles (100 km) wide in central and western Uruguay. It now houses hundreds of gabbro dams in a 150-mile (240 km) section.

South America Geological History: Brazilian Cycle

Today the rocky Brazilian cycle manifested in a series of orogenic belts. The Precambrian cratons established the end of the first supercontinent end of time. During the merger, form the pre-deformed continental crust (making 1 mil millions) To 541 million years. Most South America, covering the platforms Brazil, Guyana, and southern Venezuela, grew together with Africa. Formed a huge supercontinent Gondwana in the southwestern part of the country; this Gondwana, Cambrian blocks, including Santa Marta Colombia, Arequipa Peru, and Patagonia, the Argentine block, accumulated after the Paleozoic period.

World Continent General Considerations For Geological History

Brazilians in the state of Mato Grosso in southern Brazil represent the Brazilian orogeny. There, the green schist (related to granite), the limestone platform and quartzite. The important processes of the moraine red stratum. Reconstruction of the collision of the passive continental margin (ie no active volcano) and Paraguay Alto Paraguay. Active Craton Edge (now covered by the Parana River Basin). The suture zone explained between the two cratons corresponds to the Paraguay-Araguaia line, mafic and ultramafic rocks discovered today.

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Several other Brazilian belts are well known. Such as the complex Borborema belt and the Dom Feliciano belt in southern Brazil and Uruguay. For the collision between the La Plata River and the Kalahari River in Africa today. The Dom Feliciano belt is a complex suture zone. It traps the typical rocks of the Late Proterozoic arc method between two cratons; in the early Cambrian period (541 million years ago), these The rock covered by rhyolite plateau. There is a surprising coincidence between this suture. Known as the Brazilian-pan-African suture, and start the crack scheme that opens the Atlantic. The Pampas Mountains of Argentina are a good example of the Brazilian belt. Formed by the island arch arrangement and several small continental plates.

World Continent General Considerations For Geological History

PALEOZOIC ERA

South America Geological History: First Paleozoic Event

The early Paleozoic rocks of the continent represented the rupture of the first supercontinent. May relate which to separate underground rocks in eastern Andes of South America. The western Andes, in western South America. It established this separation. A series of passive continental margins along the western African continent from Venezuela and Colombia to central Argentina. The Precambrian platforms merged during the Brazilian cycle. Today’s fringe edges characterized by clastic rocks of the Cambrian period (ie 500 million years ago). Many of trilobites and rocks, such as Cordillera in eastern Bolivia. Early Paleozoic ruptures that produced these margins triggered that developed several large internal basins. The continent (eg, Amazon, Parnaíba, Parana, and Chaco Basins). Thick sedimentary rock deposits have accumulated in these basins.

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The subduction of the oceanic crust activated the Paleozoic passive edge of the early part of the Cambrian. To Ordovician (ie, forcing main continental plate fall below the edge of oceanic crust) (making 500 to 470 million years). Oceanic crust consumed, the subduction stops. A series of small continental blocks collide with the west side of the continent. The established result land parcels (transportation) in Ecuador, Colombia and Venezuela’s East Cordillera. The silurian period ended (419 million years ago). Those correspond ages of the orogenic belts of Glenville North American Rocks (1.3 1200 years old). Affinity with American Wildlife Devonian (419 to 359 million years) suggested that these neighborhoods were once part of North America.

World Continent General Considerations For Geological History

Further south, another series of blocks fell into the mainland. These include the Arequipa block in southern Peru and Bolivia. The Precordillera region in the Midwest of Argentina and the Patagonia region in southern Argentina. The continent of Patagonia in southern Chile, smaller blocks of rock with ocean affinity has increased.

During the subduction before these collisions. It formed a series of north-south plutonic and volcanic belts on the coast of the continent, parallel to the coast. As the coastal fringe accumulated the continental crust. The belts moved over 250 miles (400 km) west. Today in northern Patagonia, west of Pampa Sierras, Cordillera in eastern Bolivia, and northern Argentina. Colombia and the eastern Cordillera of Venezuela.

World Continent General Considerations For Geological History

The collision of these blocks produced a series of peripheral basins. It resulted from orogenic belt deformation and basement rock accumulation in the orogenic zone. Examples of early Paleozoic basins are the Beni basin in Bolivia and Alhuampa and Las Breñas basins in northern Argentina. Claromecó, the last Paleozoic basin in northern Patagonia. Now occupied by a sedimentary deposit of over 5 miles thick, which formed with the Karoo Basin in southern Africa. Collisions cause both basins. Influence of the Konya microcontinent on Gondwana.

South America Geological History: Form Pangea.

The Paleozoic ended with the last mixture of Gondwana. Together with Laurasia in the north formed the late Permian of the Paleozoic. It’s subduction below the western edge of Pangea stopped. The igneous rock formed by the volcanic arc develops along with the central mountain range. Between Chile and Argentina and then develops along the western continental margin. It is transient, compose the rock changes from andesite to the main rhyolite. These changes in mineral composition show that the compression state. Correlate with subduction passes extensive magma movement and extension of the earth’s crust. Huge magma pieces, including flood basalt and 2.5 miles (4 km) thick rhyolite deposits. From southern Peru to the Argentina-Chile border. Further north, this action eliminated during the Cenozoic era because of the rise of the Andes and volcanic coverage.